Data Communication – The Lifeblood of Digital Networks

Data communication is essential to our ever-growing digital world. Understanding how different types of data transmission function is essential to constructing reliable and efficient networks. Different methods determine the way data is transmitted.

The hardware in a data communications circuit employs a variety of techniques to efficiently transfer data. These include multiplexing and desmultiplexing. These are processes that combine or separate signals, and then send them as a single combined signal. This maximizes the utilization of bandwidth and lowers costs. Error detecting code and signal amplifiers also minimize data corruption due to electric disturbances, or even momentary electrical noises which can alter bits of information while they travel along a communication channel.

Data communications also include a set of rules (protocol) that are followed by both the computer systems that transmit and receive data. These rules ensure that the message will be understood and accepted correctly.

The sender could be a computer, or a different device that generates the message and sends it. It could take the form of text, numbers, images, sounds or videos. The device or computer that receives the message could be different from the sender. The transmission medium is the physical route between the sender and the receiver, which can be a wired medium such as twisted pair wire or fiber optic cable, or wireless like microwaves, or radio waves.

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